Rating of the largest gold deposits in Russia today + top gold mining companies

Even in ancient times, gold was valued as the most expensive metal. People are still interested in how gold deposits can be discovered.

But to do this, you need to know in what form this precious metal is found in nature. Deposits with precious metal reserves may vary depending on the method of formation and the place where the metal was formed. Thus, they are divided into primary (root) and secondary (placers).

Bedrock deposits

Such formations of gold appeared as a result of the movement of magma during a period of volcanic activity. Magma contains much more of this metal than the earth's crust.

Magma, escaping from the depths, gradually solidified, as a result of which minerals were formed. If the elements had increased refractoriness, they crystallized, and low-melting substances moved on. But not only gold has a low melting threshold; there were also other elements, the combination of which formed a chemical complex of substances. Therefore, in the area of ​​primary deposits it is difficult to find gold in its pure form. Typically, compounds where there are gold inclusions consist of a combination of iron, copper, lead and zinc.

Because As a result of volcanic activity, mountains were formed, then gold must be looked for in mountainous gold-bearing areas.

What is the difference between the card and other salary options?

The differences between the MIR payment system Gold Card and other Sberbank premium products are presented in the table.

Sberbank recently launched another salary project, SberCard. For convenience, its differences from the Golden World Map are presented in the table.

Important! In most respects, the gold card of the MIR payment system is not inferior to other salary projects of Sberbank.

Placer deposits

Secondary type gold reserves arose in the process of various mechanical and chemical impacts on primary type gold deposits.

Gold particles moved from mountainous areas to plains as a result of the following natural phenomena:

1. Groundwater movements.
2. Wind.
3. Rock falls, etc.

Rains and mountain rivers carried mountain rocks closer to their foot. When colliding with boulders and other magma formations, they were crushed, displacing gold particles. Gold is inert in relation to other chemical units, so it settled in its pure form in various bodies of water (rivers, lakes, etc.).

Although the source of gold is the same, there is a significant difference between placer gold deposits and bedrock deposits.

Over millions of years of formation of the earth's surface, it is almost impossible to track the migration of gold deposits.

There are fewer primary placer deposits, but it is easier to detect their locations, because they are visible on the surface. At the same time, they are easier to develop, while searching for and extracting mine gold is a much more labor-intensive process.

How profitable is it to use the card: offers in 2022

To attract customers, the MIR payment system together with Sberbank are developing bonus programs for cardholders. In 2021, the owner of “plastic” automatically becomes a participant in 4 shares.

Cashback from Sberbank “Thank you”

The gold card of the MIR payment system allows you to receive increased cashback in the form of bonuses:

• up to 30% - purchase from partner companies;
• 5% - payment of bills at public catering establishments;
• 1% - purchasing goods in supermarkets;
• 0.5% - in other stores.

To participate in the program, you must complete the connection procedure. A message with the text “THANK YOU****” is sent to number 900. Instead of asterisks, the last 4 digits of the card are indicated.

Attention! To receive increased bonuses from the next month, you must make purchases worth more than 15 thousand rubles in the current month.

Cashback from the MIR payment system

You can receive cashback with the Mir salary gold card from Sberbank. Within 3-5 days, the owner of the “plastic” receives a refund in the form of:

• points in the amount of up to 0.5% of the purchase amount for every 100 rubles spent. — for any level of clients;
• discounts up to 20% when purchasing products from a partner company - for any level of clients;
• rubles up to 30% of the purchase amount from payment system partners - for high-level clients.

The cashback amount depends on the client level. The rating is based on the number of purchases per day, card expenses, and account balance.

5 free services with the card

Cardholders have access to 5 main services free of charge:

• calling the hotline or sending SMS - you can contact the contact center 24 hours a day;
• contacting any bank branch to obtain details or advice on how to use the card;
• re-issue of “plastic” for any reason - change of personal data, loss, card blocking, etc.;
• receiving SMS after any manipulations with the card account;
• Sberbank Online - transfers, payment of utility bills, replenishment of a savings account and other services are available in the application or in your personal account on the website.

Large limits on cash withdrawals without commission

Card holders can withdraw cash without commission from Sberbank ATMs per day up to 300 thousand rubles. The monthly limit is 3 million rubles. — valid for withdrawals at bank terminals and cash desks.

If a large amount of cash is required per day, it can only be obtained at the Sberbank cash desk. The commission will be 0.5% of the amount withdrawn over the limit.

Attention ! A large amount of cash is not always available at a bank branch; it must be ordered in advance.

Answers to popular questions

In which countries can you use the World Gold Card?

Payment for purchases and cash withdrawals are available to the cardholder in the Russian Federation, Crimea and neighboring countries. These include: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Abkhazia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, South Ossetia, Turkey.

What to do if the Mir card is not supported in the country where the client is traveling?

At the time of departure, you can apply for “plastic” with a foreign payment system. Transfers from Mir to another bank card will be available in the application.

How to pay by card using your phone?

Samsung owners can add a card in the Samsung Pay app. Owners of Android smartphones have access to pay by phone using a card after installing the Mir Pay application. For other users, payment by smartphone is temporarily unavailable.

Properties and Application

The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm³, the metal melts at a temperature of +1063°C, and the boiling point reaches +2660°C. It is very malleable and plastic. Conducts heat and electric current well. Only silver and copper are superior to gold in this case.

This precious metal is a chemically resistant element. Even if it is heated strongly in air, it will not change its shape. This substance can only be dissolved in aqua regia, chlorine water or solutions of alkali metal cyanides. Mercury can also dissolve gold, forming an amalgam. If the latter contains more than 15% precious metal, then it becomes hard.

To this day, the most expensive jewelry is made from this precious metal, and it is a measure of value.

Because of its softness, gold is often combined with copper or silver. To find out how much gold is contained in the alloy, just look at the sample of the product; it indicates how much of the precious metal is per 1000 g of the alloy. Two samples are adopted as a standard - 583 and 750. Countries involved in gold mining are often among the most developed countries.

How to extract aurum legally?

Is it possible to mine this mineral yourself? This question interests young enterprising people who want to realize their dreams by mining precious metals. Until 2022, independent mining was prohibited. However, the government of the Russian Federation soon decided that this was an excellent chance for the development of small businesses. According to smaller estimates, gold mining by entrepreneurs will bring at least 300 kg of “yellow metal” per year to the gold reserve. It is worth noting that at first the law on the possibility of gold mining applied only to Chukotka, Yakutia, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Altai and the Far East. Then it spread throughout Russia.

According to current legislation, persons registered as individual entrepreneurs can engage in the extraction of valuable metals. However, there is a list of restrictions. Individual entrepreneurs cannot hire other people interested in finding precious metals. All actions must be carried out manually, that is, using metal detectors, hand dredges, and washing trays. The use of specialized equipment is strictly prohibited.

Today we found out by what methods the 79th element of the periodic table of chemical elements is obtained. We talked about where aurum is mined and how the extraction is classified. We examined methods for separating valuable metal and answered the question of whether it is possible to engage in such activities on our own. We hope the article was interesting and informative. See you again!

The world's largest gold deposits

The largest gold deposits in the world are listed below:

1. Boddington. The mines are located in Australia. Gold and copper are mined in Boddington. Gold mining began in 2009. By 2011, the first million ounces were mined.
2. Lihir. The island is Aniolam, the country is Papua New Guinea. The mines have been operating since 1982. In 2010, the gold deposit was purchased by the Australian company Newcrest.
3. Peñasquinto. The mine is located in the state of Zacatecas (Mexico) and is owned by Goldcorp (Canada). The quarry is considered the largest in Mexico and the fifth largest in the world.
4. Carlin. The quarry is located in Nevada (USA). 75% of the country's total gold and 3% of the yellow metal mined in the entire history of gold mining are mined here. The map of gold mines in the state of Nevada is not limited to two or three deposits, there are a lot of them. Some of the largest are also the Cortez and Goldstrike deposits.
5. Yanacocha. North of Peru. The largest deposit in Latin America, with an area of ​​more than 1386 km².
6. Pueblo Viejo. The quarry is located in the Dominican Republic, 100 km from the capital of the country, Santo Domingo. After attempts by the government of the Dominican Republic to organize mining of the precious metal to no avail, it was decided to grant these rights in 2012 to the Canadian companies Barrick Gold and Goldcorp.
7. Grasberg. Indonesia, a country rich in volcanic rocks, is home to one of the largest gold mining operations in the world. It is there that the largest reserves of gold and the second largest reserves of copper are found.
8. Muruntau. Geologists discovered this deposit in 1958 in Uzbekistan in the Kyzyl-Kum desert. The mine started operating in 1967. Turquoise and arsenic are also mined in large quantities in these places.

All these places have the largest reserves of the precious metal on the planet. Although the gold mining map is much more extensive.

Goldstrike, USA

Goldstrike and Cortez actually tied for 6th place in terms of production in 2014. Since production is decreasing at Cortez, it is reasonable to assume that Goldstrike produced more in 2015. The Goldstrike Mine is located northwest of the Carlin Mine off the Carlin Trend.

Goldstrike also owns , which acquired the mine in 1987. Before this, the mine belonged to PanCana, which operated it as a joint venture since 1978.

The mine consists of three deposits. One of them is the Betze-Post open-pit mine. The remaining mines are Meikle and Rodeo, which are underground.

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5

Gold mining areas in Russia

As experts noted, there are more than 22,000 tons of this metal in Russian subsoil deposits. On average, 190 tons of gold are mined annually. In terms of the amount of reserves, Russian regions occupy an honorable second place. South Africa is in first place. 11% of the world's gold reserves are located in the Russian Federation. The largest gold deposit is Sukhoi Log, located near Irkutsk. The Sukhoi Log deposit contains approximately 1,900 tons of gold ore. Gold reserves in this area are developed mainly from placer mines. The Sukhoi Log deposit was discovered back in 1961. Since 2017, large companies and Polyus have begun work at the Sukhoi Log mine.

Other deposits include:

1. Districts of Eastern Siberia - Yenisei, Prilensky, Bodaibinsky, East Transbaikal.
2. In the Yakut region - Verkhoyansk, Aldan districts.
3. North-eastern part of the country.
4. Amur region.
5. Primorsky Krai.

Until recently, Natalka, located in the Magadan region, was considered a large gold deposit. At the moment, work there has been temporarily stopped.

At the beginning of work, when there is still a lot of metal, mining is carried out using the quarry method; in subsequent years, as a result of depletion of reserves, they switch to the underground mining method. For example, at the Sukhoi Log deposit, open-pit gold mining is designed for 50 years.

Boddington, Australia

The Boddington field is located in Western Australia near the city of Perth. Mining in Boddington is carried out by open-pit mining. In 2014, 700 thousand ounces of gold were mined here. There are believed to be another 20 million ounces in reserve.

Mining at the Boddington gold mine began in 1987 through the joint efforts of Normandy Mining (44.44%), Acacia Resource (33.33%) and Newcrest Mining (22.23%). Production ceased in 2001 when known reserves of oxide ore were exhausted. Newmont bought out Newcrest Mining in 2005 and Acacia Resource in 2009, allowing the company to take a majority stake in the Boddington gold mine. Mining resumed the following year, quickly elevating Boddington to the list of top gold mines.

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9

World gold mining

100-150 years ago, people did not have information about the origin of the gold metal, so mining it became a gamble for them. Today, even a schoolchild will talk about the origin of gold in certain rocks, and therefore its mining has reached an industrial level. Scientists can accurately calculate how many grams of precious metal can be obtained from a particular rock.

To date, 160 thousand tons of gold have been mined, and the bulk of production has occurred in the last 100 years.

Reviews from cardholders

Alexei

I opened the card on my own about a month ago. Made quickly, in 3 days. It’s convenient to pay for utilities and transfer money through the app. The only drawback is the limit of 50 thousand rubles on transfers to Sberbank users. Otherwise the card is completely satisfactory.

Sergey

We transferred the organization and had to use this card. I don't like that there is no interest on the balance. Overall, the card is not bad. You can find ATMs throughout the country to withdraw money or deposit it on your card.

Alexandra

The card is average, the service does not justify it. But I don't have to pay for it. There are pros and cons. I like bonus programs. But I’m not happy that I can’t pay for purchases abroad.

Konstantin

It’s hard to call a “golden” card. The disadvantages outweigh the advantages for me. It doesn’t work contactless with ATMs, I tried it in different branches. A considerable amount is charged for the service, and there is a limit of 50 thousand rubles for transfers per month. I don't see the logic. I do not recommend the card for personal use.

Tamara

I like everything about the card, except the lack of the ability to pay for purchases on foreign sites. The service is expensive, but they gave it to me at work, so I use all the privileges for free.

The World gold card from Sberbank represents the greatest benefit for public sector employees. If she is paid, then there is no need to pay for the service. If we consider the pros and cons of the card, then, according to the owners, it is difficult to classify it as a premium category. Mir Gold has advantages over other salary projects of Sberbank. You can withdraw up to 300 thousand rubles per day. no commission. The card also participates in bonus programs with increased cashback. If new sanctions are introduced against the Russian Federation, Mir owners will be able to uninterruptedly use their personal funds.

Leading countries in gold production

More recently, the leading positions in the production of the yellow metal were occupied by the regions of South Africa, or rather South Africa. Today everything has changed, and completely different states have emerged as leaders.

The leading positions are occupied by the following countries:

1. People's Republic of China - the amount of gold mined is 455 tons.
2. Australia - 270 tons.
3. In Russia, 250 tons of gold were mined.
4. United States of America - 209 tons.
5. Canada - 170 tons.

Other countries are only slightly inferior to those mentioned above. Major gold-mining countries also include South Africa, Mexico, Uzbekistan, Indonesia, Peru, Ghana and Brazil.

But gold deposits in deposits tend to run out, and metal reserves are depleted over time (for example, the Natalka gold deposit in Russia). Therefore, in many countries, increasing attention is being paid to geological exploration of new deposits. The world's largest gold mining companies are starting mining in areas previously considered unprofitable. This leads to the fact that technologies for the extraction of this metal are constantly being improved.

Muruntau, Uzbekistan

In recent years, Muruntau in Uzbekistan ranks 1st in terms of production volume, overtaking Grasberg. In 2013 and 2014, the competition between them was not even close. Muruntau produced 2.52 million ounces of gold in 2013 and 2.6 million in 2014. This is a huge open pit, according to scientists, there are still about 170 million ounces of gold reserves here, so at the current level of production, the mine could be a leader within the next 60 years.

Muruntau belongs to the Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine, which belongs to the state of Uzbekistan. The plant was founded in 1964 as part of the gold mining enterprises of the Soviet Union. The world's largest BIOX plant has been put into operation here to combat the depletion of oxide ore reserves.